BAKIT KAPANIPANIWALA ANG NAKASULAT SA BIBLIYA?
William Tyndale (/ˈtɪndəl/;[1] sometimes spelled Tynsdale, Tindall, Tindill, Tyndall; c. 1494 – c. 6 October 1536) was an English scholar who became a leading figure in the Protestant Reformation in the years leading up to his execution. He is well known as a translator of the Bible into English, influenced by the works of Erasmus of Rotterdam and Martin Luther.[2]
A number of partial English translations had been made from the 7th century onwards, but the religious ferment caused by Wycliffe's Bible in the late 14th century led to the death penalty for anyone found in unlicensed possession of Scripture in English, though translations were available in all other major European languages.[3]
Tyndale worked during a Renaissance of scholarship, which saw the publication of Reuchlin's Hebrew grammar in 1506. Greek was available to the European scholarly community for the first time in centuries, as it welcomed Greek-speaking intellectuals and texts following the fall of Constantinople in 1453. Notably, Erasmus compiled, edited, and published the Greek Scriptures in 1516. Luther's German Bible appeared in 1522.
Tyndale's translation was the first English Bible to draw directly from Hebrew and Greek texts, the first English translation to take advantage of the printing press, the first of the new English Bibles of the Reformation, and the first English translation to use Jehovah ("Iehouah") as God's name as preferred by English Protestant Reformers.[a] It was taken to be a direct challenge to the hegemony of both the Catholic Church and the laws of England maintaining the church's position.In 1535, Tyndale was arrested and jailed in the castle of Vilvoorde (Filford) outside Brussels for over a year. In 1536, he was convicted of heresy and executed by strangulation, after which his body was burnt at the stake. His dying prayer was that the King of England's eyes would be opened; this seemed to find its fulfilment just one year later with Henry's authorisation of the Matthew Bible, which was largely Tyndale's own work, with missing sections translated by John Rogers and Miles Coverdale.(see reference)
Sila at marami pang iba ang naging susi para ang Bibliya lumaganap at makarating sa lahat ng tao sa buong mundo.Sila lang naman din ang mga taong naglakas loob para iparating ang pinaka mahalagang aklat para sa lahat ng marunong mag isip ng tama.Ngayon ang tanong,BAKIT KAYA GANUN NA LANG ANG SINAPIT NILA SA PAGNANAIS NA MAINTINDIHAN ANG BIBLIYA SA LAHAT NG MARURUNONG MAGBASA???BAKIT KAILANGANG HADLANGAN ANG LAYUNIN NILANG MAPALAGANAP O MAKARATING AT MAINTINDIHAN ANG BIBLIYA NG MADLA O BUONG MUNDO MAN???..Ikaw,kayo,naiisip niyo ba yan?Ibig sabihin nun,naglalaman ang Bibliya ng mahahalagang impormasyon na ayaw maiparating sa sangkatauhan.Pero hindi napigilan ang paglaganap ng Bibliya,at nakarating ito sa buong mundo,at ginagamit na sa iba't ibang denominasyon sa panahon ngayon bilang batayan sa kung paano nararapat mamuhay ang taong nagpapasakop sa Dios.Maraming naganap na pakikipagbaka.Maraming panahon ang lumipas nanatiling bukod tangi ang Bibliya sa lahat ng aklat.Naging batayan na rin ito sa kung papaano ang tao dapat mabuhay ng payapa,at may pag-asa na sa kabila ng lahat ng hirap o problema sa buhay,may Dios at dakilang Manlalalang na dapat nating pagkakatiwalaan.At bago pa man nakarating sa karamihang tao ang Bibliya ngayon,maraming taon na ang nakalipas may mga tinatawag na din tayong ancient manuscript na nagpapatunay na ang Bibliya,matagal ng umiiral bago pa man lumabas ang iba't ibang paniniwala na walang pinagmulan ang tao,o walang dakilang lumikha nito.Kagaya na lang ng teoryang ebolusyon.Si Charles Darwin ang unang bumuo ng argumentong siyentipiko para sa teoriya ng ebolusyon sa pamamagitan ng natural na seleksiyon.[4][5]
The scientific theory of evolution by natural selection was conceived independently by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the mid-19th century and was set out in detail in Darwin's book On the Origin of Species.[7] Evolution by natural selection was first demonstrated by the observation that more offspring are often produced than can possibly survive. This is followed by three observable facts about living organisms: (1) traits vary among individuals with respect to their morphology, physiology and behaviour (phenotypic variation), (2) different traits confer different rates of survival and reproduction (differential fitness) and (3) traits can be passed from generation to generation (heritability of fitness).[8] Thus, in successive generations members of a population are more likely to be replaced by the progenies of parents with favourable characteristics that have enabled them to survive and reproduce in their respective environments. In the early 20th century, other competing ideas of evolution such as mutationism and orthogenesis were refuted as the modern synthesis reconciled Darwinian evolution with classical genetics, which established adaptive evolution as being caused by natural selection acting on Mendelian genetic variation.[9]
Codex Sinaiticus (Greek: Σιναϊτικός Κώδικας, Sinaïtikós Kṓdikas; Shelfmarks and references: London, British Library, Add MS 43725; Gregory-Aland nº א [Aleph] or 01, [Soden δ 2]) or "Sinai Bible" is one of the four great uncial codices, ancient, handwritten copies of a Christian Bible in Greek. The codex is a historical treasure.[1] The codex is an Alexandrian text-type manuscript written in uncial letters on parchment and dated paleographically to the mid-4th century. Scholarship considers the Codex Sinaiticus to be one of the most important Greek texts of the New Testament, along with the Codex Vaticanus. Until Constantin von Tischendorf's discovery of the Sinaiticus text in 1844, the Codex Vaticanus was unrivaled.[2]
The Codex Sinaiticus came to the attention of scholars in the 19th century at Saint Catherine's Monastery in the Sinai Peninsula, with further material discovered in the 20th and 21st centuries. Although parts of the codex are scattered across four libraries around the world, most of the manuscript is held today in the British Library in London, where it is on public display.[3][4] Since its discovery, study of the Codex Sinaiticus has proven to be useful to scholars for critical studies of biblical text.
The codex consists of parchment, originally in double sheets, which may have measured about 40 by 70 cm. The whole codex consists, with a few exceptions, of quires of eight leaves, a format popular throughout the Middle Ages.[7] Each line of the text has some twelve to fourteen Greek uncial letters, arranged in four columns (48 lines per column) with carefully chosen line breaks and slightly ragged right edges.[8] When opened, the eight columns thus presented to the reader have much the same appearance as the succession of columns in a papyrus roll.[9] The poetical books of the Old Testament are written stichometrically, in only two columns per page. The codex has almost 4,000,000 uncial letters.[n 1]
Throughout the New Testament of Sinaiticus the words are written continuously in the style that comes to be called "biblical uncial" or "biblical majuscule". The parchment was prepared for writing lines, ruled with a sharp point. The letters are written on these lines, without accents or breathings. A variety of types of punctuation are used: high and middle points and colon, diaeresis on initial iota and upsilon, nomina sacra, paragraphos: initial letter into margin (extent of this varies considerably). (Peter M. Head)
The work was written in scriptio continua with neither breathings nor polytonic accents.[10] Occasional points and a few ligatures are used, though nomina sacra with overlines are employed throughout. Some words usually abbreviated in other manuscripts (such as πατηρ and δαυειδ), are in this codex written in both full and abbreviated forms. The following nomina sacra are written in abbreviated forms: ΘΣ ΚΣ ΙΣ ΧΣ ΠΝΑ ΠΝΙΚΟΣ ΥΣ ΑΝΟΣ ΟΥΟΣ ΔΑΔ ΙΛΗΜ ΙΣΡΛ ΜΗΡ ΠΗΡ ΣΩΡ.[11]
Almost regularly, a plain iota is replaced by the epsilon-iota diphthong (commonly though imprecisely known as itacism), e.g. ΔΑΥΕΙΔ instead οf ΔΑΥΙΔ, ΠΕΙΛΑΤΟΣ instead of ΠΙΛΑΤΟΣ, ΦΑΡΕΙΣΑΙΟΙ instead of ΦΑΡΙΣΑΙΟΙ, etc.[12]
Andyan din ang tinatawag na mga taong ATHEIST.Atheism is rejecting the belief in a god or gods.[1][2] It is the opposite of theism, which is the belief that at least one god exists. A person who rejects belief in gods is called an atheist. Theism is the belief in one or more gods. Adding an a, meaning "without", before the word theism results in atheism, or literally, "without theism".
Implicit and explicit atheism
Atheism is generally described as not believing in God.
George H. Smith created the expressions "implicit atheism" and "explicit atheism" to describe the difference between different types of Atheism. Implicit atheism is when you do not believe in God because you do not know about the concept of God. Explicit atheism is when you do not believe in God after learning about the idea.
In 1772, Baron d'Holbach said that "All children are born atheists; they have no idea of God".[24]
In 1979 George H. Smith said that: "The man who is unacquainted with theism is an atheist because he does not believe in a god. This category would also include the child [who is able to] grasp the issues involved, but who is still unaware of those issues. The fact that this child does not believe in god qualifies him as an atheist".[25]
Those two quotes describe implicit atheism.
Ernest Nagel disagrees with Smith's definition of atheism as an "absence of theism", saying only explicit atheism is true atheism.[26] This means that Nagel believes that to be an atheist, a person needs to know about God and then reject the idea of God.
"Weak" and "strong" atheism
Philosophers like Antony Flew,[27][28] have looked at strong (sometimes called positive) atheism against weak (sometimes called negative) atheism. According to this idea, anyone who does not believe in a god or gods is either a weak or a strong atheist.[29]
Strong atheism is the certain belief that no god exists. An older way of saying strong atheism is to say "positive atheism". Weak atheism is all other forms of not believing in a god or gods. An older way of saying weak atheism is to say "negative atheism" These terms have been used more in philosophical writing[27] and in Catholic beliefs.[30] since at least 1813.[31][32] Under this definition of atheism, most agnostics are weak atheists.
Michael Martin says that agnosticism includes weak atheism.[28] Some agnostics, including Anthony Kenny, disagree. They think being an agnostic is different from being an atheist. They think atheism is no different from believing in a god, because both require belief. This overlooks the reality that agnostics also have their own belief or "claim to knowledge" [33]
Agnostics say that it cannot be known if a god or gods exist. In their view, strong atheism requires a leap of faith.
Atheists usually respond by saying that there is no difference between an idea about religion with no proof, and an idea about other things[34] The lack of proof that god does not exist does not mean that there is no god, but it also does not mean that there is a god.[35] Scottish philosopher J.J.C. Smart says that "sometimes a person who is really an atheist may describe herself, even passionately, as an agnostic because of unreasonable generalised philosophical skepticism which would preclude us from saying that we know anything whatever, except perhaps the truths of mathematics and formal logic".[36] So, some popular atheist authors such as Richard Dawkins like to show the difference between theist, agnostic and atheist positions by the probability assigned to the statement "God exists".[37] see reference
Sila ang tumatayong halimbawa sa di naniniwalang may Dios na lumikha ng sanlibutan.Ganun pa man,kung may mga negatibong paniniwala,syempre magbibigay din ako sa inyo ng mga taong naniniwalang may Dakilang Kapangyarihan na umiiral sa sanlibutan.Kagaya na lang halimbawa ni Sir Isaac Newton PRS (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27[a]) was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, theologian, and author (described in his own day as a "natural philosopher") who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists of all time and as a key figure in the scientific revolution. His book Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), first published in 1687, established classical mechanics. Newton also made seminal contributions to optics, and shares credit with Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz for developing the infinitesimal calculus.
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Although born into an Anglican family, by his thirties Newton held a Christian faith that, had it been made public, would not have been considered orthodox by mainstream Christianity,[119] with one historian labelling him a heretic.[120]
Although the laws of motion and universal gravitation became Newton's best-known discoveries, he warned against using them to view the Universe as a mere machine, as if akin to a great clock. He said, "So then gravity may put the planets into motion, but without the Divine Power it could never put them into such a circulating motion, as they have about the sun.
Johannes Kepler (/ˈkɛplər/;[2] German: [joˈhanəs ˈkɛplɐ, -nɛs -] (
listen);[3][4] 27 December 1571 – 15 November 1630) was a German astronomer, mathematician, and astrologer. He is a key figure in the 17th-century scientific revolution, best known for his laws of planetary motion, and his books Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome Astronomiae Copernicanae. These works also provided one of the foundations for Newton's theory of universal gravitation.
Those laws [of nature] are within the grasp of the human mind; God wanted us to recognize them by creating us after his own image so that we could share in his own thoughts.[82]
Sa kabila ng kanilang kaalamang siyensya,napapatunayan nila na totoo ang sinasabi ng Bibliya na may Dios na Dakilang tagapaglikha.At marami pa sila na sumasang ayon sa sinasabi ng Bibliya na may pinagmulan ang sangkatauhan.Kung mag iisip ka rin lang,bilang tao,mas maraming bagay ang kapanipaniwalang sinasabi sa Bibliya kaysa pinapatunayan ng tao noon at magpa hanggang ngayon.Kahit na di ka kukuha ng ibang batayan kung bakit kapanipaniwala ang nakasulat sa bibliya,kahit sa sarili mong kaisipan,kung nagbabasa ka ng bibliya,makikita mo kung gaano ito ka hiwaga .Dahil kumbaga sa pagkain,kompleto rekados na.At kung isa kang tao na may bukas na kaisipan,magkakaroon ka ng pagkakahalintulad ngayon sa sinasabi ng bibliya at sa pinapatunayan ng tao.
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